Jewelry Tips: When buying diamonds, always buy from reputable retailers that you trust and who can attest to the origins of the gold, diamonds and gemstones they sell.

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Jewelry Tips: Yellow gold is gold in its natural state, its shades varying with impurities or when alloyed (mixed with other metals), but even white gold is yellow-tinged. White gold can be of several alloys: Nickel is the least expensive, but some people are allergic to nickel. Platinum, iridium and palladium make more expensive, hypo-allergenic alloys. The whitest gold is actually rhodium-plated gold; this plating won’t chip, but does wear off and must be renewed periodically to maintain its best appearance. Other alloys include copper, which makes rose gold and pink gold; silver, which makes green gold; and iron, which makes blue gold.

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Jewelry Tips: A very common element, titanium remained unknown until the late 19th century and had no industrial value until the mid-20th, when economical processing methods were developed (a happy coincidence, as the then-expanding aerospace industry found titanium indispensable). Discovered in the late 18th Century, tungsten or wolfram, was first distilled from the mineral wolframite. Its high melting point is prized for things like light bulb filaments; added to other metals, it forms super dense alloys used in products ranging from golf club heads to weapons. Both are strong as steel–titanium at about half the weight, tungsten at about twice the weight–and able to alloy with numerous other metals, making them indispensable to modern industry.

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